Friday, 6 January 2012

Belajar Cakap Jepun Asas


  1. Ohayogozaimasu- Good Morning! used until about 10 am ( おはようございます)
  2. Konnichiwa- Hello. A rather informal greeting used from 10am until sundown
  3. Kombanwa- Good Evening.
  4. Sayonara- Good Bye. On more formal occasion used Shitsurei shimasu
  5. Oyasumi nasai- Good Night Said at night before going to bed
  6. Tadaima- Im back. Said by a person on returning home.
  7. Okaeri nasai- Welcome home. This is reply to Tadaimasu
  8. O-genki desu ka- How are you?
  9. Arigato gozaimasu. Genki desu- Fine, Thank You
  10. Omedeto Gozaimasu- Congratulations!
  11. O-daijini- Taka care of yourself.
  12. Domo Arigato gozaimasu- Thank You
  13. Do itashimashite-Youre welcome
  14. Sumimasen- Excuse me. Im Sorry
  15. Chotto matte kudasai- Wait just a moment, please.
  16. Mo ichido onegaishimasu- once more, please
  17. Osakini- pardon my going first (before you). Said when leaving the office ahead of other people.
  18. Dozo Osakini- please go ahead
  19. Ki o tsukete. Take care!/ Be careful!
  20. Abunai. Look out!(its dangerous)
  21. Dame desu- out of the question/ impossible/ no good
  22. Gambatte kudasai- keep your chin up. said to courage someone
  23. itterasshai- have a good day!, see you later
  24. wakarimashita/ wakarimasen- i dont understand
  25. Ima, doko desu ka?- now, where are you?
  26. Irasshaimase- come in!
  27. ikura desu ka?- how much is it?
  28. Daijobu- dont worry.
  29. Suwatte kudasai- please sit down
  30. eigo de hanashite kudasai- please speak in Eglish
  31. Nani o shite iru n desu ka?- What are you doing?
  32. Nani o mite iru n desu ka?- What are you looking at?
  33. Nani o tabete iru n desu ka?- What are you eating?
  34. Nani o nonde iru n desu ka?- What are you drinking?
  35. Nani o kaite iru n desu ka?- What are you writting?
  36. Gomen kudasaii- is anyone home?
  37. Oishii desu ne!- its good, isnt it!
  38. takai desu- expensive
  39. yasui desu- cheap
  40. Tabemasyo yo- lets eat!
  41. So desu ka- really!
  42. Suki desu- I like it
  43. Hisashiburi- long time no see
  44. Kochira wa Sumisu-san desu- This is Mr. Smith
  45. Hajimemashite- How do you do?
  46. Dozo Yoroshiku- Im very glad to meet you
  47. Ima nan-ji desu ka?-What time is it now?
  48. Do itashimashite- Don't mention it
  49. Onemaewa- what your name? 
  50. Daijobu desu ka?- Are you alright?
  51. Gomen nasai- Im sorry
  52. Taihen desu ne- that's tough is'nt it?
  53. Zannen desu ne- How unfortunate
  54. Itadakimasu- I receive (said before eating a meal)
  55. Douzo- Here you are (offering a favor)
  56. Aa sou desu ka?- is that so?
  57. Otsukare samma desu- you must be tired (said for someone leaving work for home)
  58. iie kekkou desu- No that ok (said when refusing something)
  59. Gochisou sama deshita- thank you for the meal (said after eating a meal)
  60. Onegai Shimasu- Please do it (I beg you) (requesting a favor)
  61. Shiranai- I dont want
  62. Ojama shimasu- Im sorry (said when entering someone home)
  63. Kanpai- cheer
  64. Shou ga nai- it cannot be helped
  65. Shitsure shimasu- Excuse me (I am rude)

MEMORIZE NUMBERS

10- ju                                         1-ichi
20- niju (21- niju-ichi)                 2-ni
30- sanju                                    3- san
40- yonju                                   4- yon
50- goju                                     5- go
60-- rokuju                                6-roku
70- shichiju, nanaju                     7- nana
80- hachiju                                 8- hachi
90- kyuju                                   9- kyu
100- hyaku                               
500- gohyaku
1000- sen (the year 1990-sen kyuhyaku kyuju-nen)
5000- gosen (5000yen- gosen-en)
10000- ichiman

Days of the week
  1. nichi-yobi- Sunday
  2. getsu-yobi- Monday
  3. ka-yobi- Tuseday
  4. Sui-Yobi- Wednesday
  5. Moku-yobi- Thursday
  6. Kin-yobi- Friday
  7. Do-yobi- Saturday

 Names of the months
  1. ichi-gatsu- January
  2. ni-gatsu- February
  3. san-gatsu- March
  4. Shi- gatsu- April
  5. Go-gatsu- May
  6. Roku-gatsu- June
  7. Shichi-gatsu- July
  8. Hachi- gatsu- August
  9. Ku-gatsu- September
  10. ju-gatsu- October
  11. juichi-gatsu- November
  12. Juni-gatsu- December

Family
  1. Ojiisan- grandfather
  2. Obaasan- grandmother
  3. Otosan- father
  4. Okaasan- Mother
  5. Oniisan- Older brother
  6. Oneesan- Older sister
  7. Ototosan- Younger brother
  8. Imotosan- Younger sister
  9. oji san- uncle
  10. oba san- aunt

Katakana
 a
 i
 u
 e
 o

 ka
 ki
 ku
 ke
 ko
キャ kya
キュ kyu
キョ kyo
 sa
 shi
 su
 se
 so
シャ sha
シュ shu
ショ sho
 ta
 chi
 tsu
 te
 to
チャ cha
チュ chu
チョ cho
 na
 ni
 nu
 ne
 no
ニャ nya
ニュ nyu
ニョ nyo
 ha
 hi
 fu
 he
 ho
ヒャ hya
ヒュ hyu
ヒョ hyo
 ma
 mi
 mu
 me
 mo
ミャ mya
ミュ myu
ミョ myo
 ya

 yu

 yo

 ra
 ri
 ru
 re
 ro
リャ rya
リュ ryu
リョ ryo
 wa
 wi

 we
 wo


 n
 ga
 gi
 gu
 ge
 go
ギャ gya
ギュ gyu
ギョ gyo
 za
 ji
 zu
 ze
 zo
ジャ ja
ジュ ju
ジョ jo
 da
 ji
 zu
 de
 do

 ba
 bi
 bu
 be
 bo
ビャ bya
ビュ byu
ビョ byo
 pa
 pi
 pu
 pe
 po
ピャ pya
ピュ pyu
ピョ pyo


イェ ye



ウィ wi

ウェ we
ウォ wo
ヴァ va
ヴィ vi
 vu
ヴェ ve
ヴォ vo

シェ she

ジェ je
チェ che

ティ ti
トゥ tu


テュ tyu

ディ di
ドゥ du

デュ dyu
ツァ tsa
ツィ tsi

ツェ tse
ツォ tso
ファ fa
フィ fi
フェ fe
フォ fo

フュ fyu



Hiragana

vowels
a /a/
i /i/
u /ɯ/
e /e̞/
o /o̞/
(ya)
(yu)
(yo)
ka /ka/
ki /ki/
ku /kɯ/
ke /ke̞/
ko /ko̞/
きゃ kya
きゅ kyu
きょ kyo
sa /sa/
shi /ɕi/
su /sɯ/
se /se̞/
so /so̞/
しゃ sha
しゅ shu
しょ sho
ta /ta/
chi /ʨi/
tsu /t͡sɯ/
te /te̞/
to /to̞/
ちゃ cha
ちゅ chu
ちょ cho
na /na/
ni /ɲi/
nu /nɯ/
ne /ne̞/
no /no̞/
にゃ nya
にゅ nyu
にょ nyo
ha /ha/
hi /çi/
fu /ɸɯ/
he /he̞/
ho /ho̞/
ひゃ hya
ひゅ hyu
ひょ hyo
ma /ma/
mi /mi/
mu /mɯ/
me /me̞/
mo /mo̞/
みゃ mya
みゅ myu
みょ myo
ya /ja/

yu /jɯ/

yo /jo̞/

ra /ɺa/
ri /ɺi/
ru /ɺɯ/
re /ɺe̞/
ro /ɺo̞/
りゃ rya
りゅ ryu
りょ ryo
 wa /ɰa/
wi /i/

 we /e̞/
wo /o̞/


/n/,/m/,/ŋ/,/ũ/,/ĩ/,/ɴ/
ga
gi
gu
ge
go
ぎゃ gya
ぎゅ gyu
ぎょ gyo
za
ji
zu
ze
zo
じゃ ja
じゅ ju
じょ jo
da
(ji)
(zu)
de
do
ぢゃ (ja)
ぢゅ (ju)
ぢょ (jo)
ba
bi
bu
be
bo
びゃ bya
びゅ byu
びょ byo
pa
pi
pu
pe
po
ぴゃ pya
ぴゅ pyu
ぴょ pyo

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